The end of the Cold War closed four decades of military confrontation between East and West. Yet the end of this struggle has not brought relief from armed conflicts. Rather, violence has shifted from inter-state relations to inter-community relations. We are moving away from the Clausewitzean trinity of the state, the army and the people. War between nations has been replaced by etnopolitical warfare. in which national boundaries no longer holds a central place. It is argued in the book that traditional Clausewitzan state-sponsored negotiation and mediation as a means of conflict resolution aims mainly at containing violence terriorially, by solving the deep causes of ethnopolitical conflicts. New thinking and alternative methods are needed for the purposes of conflict management By studying the theory of conflict resolution and by illuminating the theory with the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the book challenges the pessimistic views of the possibility of post-Cold War conflict resolution, and argues that there are models of conflict resolution and conflict prevention which are suitable for the management of ethnopolitical conflicts.